Frances Arnold

Biography

Frances Arnold pioneered the use of directed evolution to engineer enzymes with new and useful properties, revolutionizing green chemistry and pharmaceutical manufacturing. She was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, becoming the fifth woman and the first American woman to win the prize. Her methods harness the power of natural selection to develop proteins that solve chemical problems, with applications ranging from biofuels to pharmaceuticals. A professor at Caltech, she has also co-founded several companies based on her technology.

弗朗西丝·阿诺德开创了利用定向进化来设计具有新的有用特性的酶的方法，彻底改变了绿色化学和制药行业。她因此获得2018年诺贝尔化学奖，成为第五位获此殊荣的女性，也是第一位获得诺贝尔化学奖的美国女性。她的方法利用自然选择的力量来开发能够解决化学问题的蛋白质，应用范围从生物燃料到药物制造。作为加州理工学院的教授，她还基于自己的技术共同创办了多家公司。

Key Achievements

• Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2018) for directed evolution of enzymes

  因酶的定向进化获诺贝尔化学奖（2018年）

• Pioneered methods to harness evolution for enzyme engineering

  开创了利用进化原理进行酶工程改造的方法

• First American woman to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry

  第一位获得诺贝尔化学奖的美国女性

References & Citations

1. Wikipedia: Frances Arnold — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Arnold
2. Nobel Prize: Frances H. Arnold — https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/arnold/