Marie Curie

玛丽·居里

1867 – 1934波兰裔法国人物理学

Two-Time Nobel Laureate Who Discovered Radioactivity

“Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less.”

“生活中没有什么是值得恐惧的，只有需要理解的。现在是更多理解的时候，以便我们可以少些恐惧。”

— Widely attributed, from various biographies

Biography

Marie Skłodowska Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences, and remains the only person to achieve this distinction. Born in Warsaw, she moved to Paris where she and her husband Pierre discovered polonium and radium. Her research on radioactivity — a term she coined — fundamentally changed physics and chemistry and led to developments in cancer treatment. She died from aplastic anemia, likely caused by prolonged exposure to radiation.

玛丽·斯克沃多夫斯卡·居里是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，也是第一位在两个不同科学领域获得诺贝尔奖的人，至今仍是唯一做到这一点的人。她出生于华沙，搬到巴黎后与丈夫皮埃尔一起发现了钋和镭。她对放射性——这个词正是她创造的——的研究从根本上改变了物理学和化学，并推动了癌症治疗的发展。她因再生障碍性贫血去世，这很可能是长期暴露于辐射造成的。

Key Achievements

First woman to win a Nobel Prize (Physics, 1903)
第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性（物理学，1903年）
Only person to win Nobel Prizes in two sciences (Chemistry, 1911)
唯一在两个科学领域获诺贝尔奖的人（化学，1911年）
Discovered polonium and radium
发现钋和镭
Coined the term 'radioactivity'
创造了'放射性'一词

References & Citations