Isabella Karle

Biography

Isabella Karle was an American X-ray crystallographer at the Naval Research Laboratory who developed practical methods for determining molecular structures from X-ray diffraction data. Her techniques are now used worldwide in drug design, materials science, and biological research. She received the National Medal of Science and numerous other honors. Working alongside her husband Jerome Karle, she developed the experimental methods that complemented his theoretical framework — work for which he shared the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, though Isabella's essential contributions were not included in the award.

伊莎贝拉·卡尔勒是美国海军研究实验室的X射线晶体学家，她开发了从X射线衍射数据确定分子结构的实用方法。她的技术如今在全球范围内被广泛用于药物设计、材料科学和生物学研究。她获得了国家科学奖章和众多其他荣誉。她与丈夫杰罗姆·卡尔勒并肩工作，开发了补充其理论框架的实验方法——杰罗姆因此分享了1985年诺贝尔化学奖，但伊莎贝拉的关键贡献却未被纳入奖项。

Key Achievements

• Developed practical methods for determining molecular structures

  开发了确定分子结构的实用方法

• National Medal of Science recipient

  国家科学奖章获得者

• Techniques used worldwide in drug design and materials science

  技术在全球药物设计和材料科学中广泛使用

References & Citations

1. Wikipedia: Isabella Karle — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_Karle
2. Naval Research Laboratory: Isabella Karle memorial