Ellen Swallow Richards

Biography

Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman admitted to MIT, where she earned a degree in chemistry. She pioneered the field of sanitary engineering (now environmental engineering), conducting the first comprehensive water quality survey in the United States. Her work led to the first state water quality standards in America and the first modern sewage treatment plant. She also established the field of home economics as a science.

艾伦·斯沃洛·理查兹是第一位被MIT录取的女性，在那里获得了化学学位。她开创了卫生工程（现在的环境工程）领域，进行了美国第一次全面的水质调查。她的工作促成了美国第一个州水质标准和第一座现代污水处理厂。她还将家政学确立为一门科学。

Key Achievements

• First woman admitted to MIT

  第一位被MIT录取的女性

• Pioneered environmental engineering in the U.S.

  在美国开创环境工程

• Conducted first comprehensive water quality survey

  进行了第一次全面水质调查

References & Citations

1. Wikipedia: Ellen Swallow Richards — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_Swallow_Richards
2. Clarke, Robert. Ellen Swallow: The Woman Who Founded Ecology. Follett, 1973.